The WHO is an intergovernmental agency, and its policies and personnel are affected by the larger political climate. Cold War politics impacted WHO personnel and policies, and after communist countries left the UN system in 1949, the United States and its allies exercised an increasingly dominant influence on the organization. These factors have had a significant impact on WHO’s role and success. Listed below are some of the challenges facing this international body. Hopefully, these lessons will help you create an organization that is truly representative of the global community.
Function
The WHO is an international organization that tracks health trends throughout the world. High mortality rates in underdeveloped countries are supported by preventable diseases and malnutrition. The Twelfth Programme of Work of WHO discusses issues like child mortality, disease spread in all regions, and sanitation problems. These issues contribute to the spread of disease and the need for a health organization to monitor global trends. The WHO is responsible for funding these activities and presenting ethical policy alternatives to the international community.
The organization provides services and aid to its member states. It also serves as a forum for bargaining and dispute settlement, and it promotes cooperative behavior among member states. There are many uses for these organizations to individual states. In fact, these organizations are often used by individual states as instruments of foreign policy. Further, they can also serve as a mechanism to resolve international conflicts. If we are to understand the role of international organizations, we must understand the nature of their functions.
Membership
The World Organization for Intellectual Property (WIPO) has 193 member states. These states are invited to become members of the organization by its General Assembly. There are several benefits of membership, including the ability to make decisions on global affairs. This book offers an in-depth analysis of the legal implications of membership. This book also presents a new analytical framework for understanding the evolving role of international organizations. As a specialist in institutional law, Dr. Droesse has extensive experience in international organizations. He served as Legal Counsel/Acting General Counsel for the Green Climate Fund and assisted in the establishment of the World Green Economy Organization.
The process of accession to the WTO is governed by Article XII of the Marrakesh Agreement. Once an applicant has been selected, they must agree to a series of conditions that will enable them to access WTO markets. Once an applicant meets the criteria for membership, a working party will review the application and negotiate terms and conditions for admission. The WTO’s Ministerial Conference must then approve the applicant. The duration of the process depends on the applicant’s trade practices and development.
Funding
In the past, the World Organization (WHO) has struggled to raise the money it needs to carry out its programs. As of 31 December, the organization was owed $140 million. Failure to pay the WHO on time could result in member states losing their vote in the UN assembly. Arrears in WHO 2020 are expected to amount to around a fifth of the annual budget. Thankfully, the United States has agreed to pay the arrears.
However, it is not clear what the United States is doing to help the World Organization. A report released this week by the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) found that earmarking the WHO budget for certain programs could be a significant problem. This can lead to distorted institutional priorities, reduce flexibility, and even give non-state actors leverage over the World Organization. But the US President also has the power to instruct agencies to scale back their cooperation with the WHO.
Status
United States Pharmacopeial Convention has gained official World Organization status. This new status grants the organization the privilege to act as a trusted expert, advisor, or collaborator to the WHO. Observer status is also extended to other international organizations. It is possible for these organizations to attend official WHO conferences and make formal statements. In the past, observing organizations were prohibited from participating in meetings of the Dispute Settlement Body, Textile Monitoring Body, and Accession Working Parties.
The Holy See has the right to participate in general debates on World Health issues at the Health Assembly. It can make interventions or inscribe itself on the list of speakers, but cannot vote or put forward candidates for positions. The Holy See can also speak at any plenary meeting of the Health Assembly, main committees, or the Executive Board. Its participation in the Council of Ministers of Health is limited to health-related issues, such as preventing disease.
Conflicts
Conflicts within world organizations can occur on a number of different levels. Sometimes they can be between two countries, companies in different industries, or even a conflict between groups within the same organization. Either way, both parties are frustrated by the actions and inactions of the other party. These conflicts may be short-term or long-term. In these cases, effective communication and resolution are important. Let’s look at some of these types of conflicts and how they can be avoided.
As a research tool, conflict can be used to understand the status of organisations and the problems that arise due to differences in cultures and people. A common misconception is that all conflict is bad, but in actuality, suppression of conflict can have negative effects. The worst result is that conflicts are repressed, and this is not necessarily the best thing for individuals. Instead, conflict can be a catalyst for innovation and change, as long as it is constructive.
Response to emergencies
As part of its mandate to strengthen the global health system, the World Organization promotes the participation of all stakeholders in the management of emergencies. The organization works with United Nations entities to enhance their response capabilities during times of emergencies. This year, the World Health Organization convened the third meeting of the Working Group on Strengthening WHO Preparedness and Response to Health Emergencies to prepare a strategic plan for the 2019-nCoV pandemic and its associated humanitarian response.
The IOM has two main divisions that contribute to the world’s response to emergencies. The Preparedness and Response Division is responsible for emergency preparedness, conducting contingency planning, and acting as the organization’s early warning system. The Transition and Recovery Division (TRD) oversees programming in areas affected by emergencies, promoting recovery and resilience and enhancing humanitarian gains. It also coordinates with UN agencies working in the production sector.