The word “solid” has many meanings. It has the physical quality of being solid, rather than disappearing into nothingness. It can also refer to a variety of other physical properties and processes. For instance, a solid friend is a loyal friend, while a solid performance is a good, but not great one. A solid victory is a significant but not overwhelming margin, and solid chocolate has the consistency of chocolate throughout. These are just some examples of the many ways you can use the word solid to describe the physical properties of objects.
Object-oriented software
A central principle of SOLID is the Single Responsibility Principle (SRP). SRP states that classes should only have a single responsibility, and that components should change for the same reasons. Following the SRP greatly simplifies your code, since classes that perform more than one responsibility will be more difficult to remember and waste time looking for the right code. Instead, use SOLID principles to design your software so that you can easily update and maintain it.
Semiconductors
A semiconductor is a solid whose atoms have an abundance of electrons that are trapped in bands within its crystal structure. These bands act as insulators below their melting points and become semiconductors above their melting points. The two main types of semiconductors are characterized by their unoccupied valence band and fully occupied conduction band, and a small gap between them. At a higher temperature, electrons from the valence band must be excited to move into the conduction band, making it more conductive.
Ceramics
Ceramics are solid materials that are made from a variety of substances. Many non-oxide ceramics are found in nature and are considered to be biodegradable. Examples of such materials include petroleum, glass, and blast furnace slag. Other potential materials include petroleum waste, fly ash, and polished tile waste. These materials are all regarded as potential ingredients for manufacturing ceramics. Listed below are a few examples of materials that may be used to produce ceramics.
Bose-Einstein condensate
A Bose-Einstein condensat is a type of state in condensed matter physics. The Bose-Einstein condensate typically forms when a gas containing low-density bosons is cooled to temperatures close to absolute zero. In this article, we’ll look at what it is and how it forms. Listed below are some of the properties of Bose-Einstein condensates.
Liquid crystals
The first scientific description of liquid crystals dates back to 1888, when Austrian botanist Friedrich Reinitzer and German physicist Otto Lehmann used a temperature-controlled polarizing microscope to observe cholesterol in carrot extracts. They found that when light was passed through the cholesterol compound, it exhibited the refraction properties of a solid crystal. Merck soon followed, and began selling liquid crystal chemicals.